Citrus trifoliata
(previously known as Poncirus trifoliata)
Overview
Uses: Specimen tree, privacy hedge, security hedge, patio plant, edible garden, bonsai, cold-climate citrus growing.
Benefits: Exceptionally cold-hardy citrus relative, fragrant white spring blooms, ornamental thorny branching, edible tart fruit for preserves, strong structural form suitable for hedging or pruning.
USDA Hardiness Zones: 5–9
Sun: Full Sun
Life Cycle: Deciduous Tree
Growth Habit: Upright, Rounded — branching canopy with stout thorned stems.
Bloom Color: White
Foliage Color: Green, turning Yellow in fall
Mature Height: 8–15'
Mature Width: 5–10'
Bloom Season: Spring
Growth Rate: Moderate
Summary
A striking, cold-hardy citrus relative that brings structure, fragrance, and edible interest to gardens well beyond traditional citrus-growing regions.
Citrus trifoliata is valued for its fragrant white spring flowers, uniquely contorted thorned branches, and small orange fruit that matures in late summer to fall. Unlike most citrus, this species tolerates winter conditions in Zones 5–9, making it one of the most cold-tolerant citrus relatives available for landscape planting.
The fruit is very tart but traditionally used in marmalades and preserves. Its dense branching and formidable thorns also make it effective as a living hedge or barrier planting. With thoughtful pruning, it can be maintained at a manageable size or even trained for bonsai use.
Care
Citrus trifoliata Care
Plant in full sun for best flowering and fruit production. At least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily is recommended.
Grow in well-drained soil. While adaptable to a range of soil types, consistent drainage is important, especially during winter.
Water regularly during establishment. Once established, trees are moderately drought tolerant but perform best with consistent moisture during active growth and fruit development.
Fertilize in spring using a slow release fertilizer to support healthy growth and fruiting.
Prune in late summer through winter to shape, reduce size, or maintain hedge form. Heavy thorns make gloves essential when handling.
Container Growing: This plant can be grown in large containers in colder regions. Use a well-draining potting mix and ensure adequate drainage holes. Container-grown plants require more frequent watering than those planted in the ground. Plants hardy in the ground may require winter protection when grown in containers in colder zones.
Size
What Size is the Citrus trifoliata for Sale Online?
Plants ship in a greenhouse-grade grow pot and are actively growing, well-rooted young trees. Size at shipment reflects the current stage of development. Please contact us with any specific sizing questions prior to ordering.
How Large Does Citrus trifoliata Grow?
Mature trees typically reach 8–15 feet tall and 5–10 feet wide, depending on pruning and growing conditions. With regular pruning, they can be maintained smaller for patio or hedge use.
Additional Information
What are some common names for this plant?
- Trifoliate Orange
- Hardy Orange
- Flying Dragon (curled form cultivar)
Is Citrus trifoliata truly cold hardy?
Yes. It is one of the most cold-tolerant citrus relatives available and is suitable for outdoor planting in Zones 5–9. In colder regions within its range, winter protection during establishment can improve performance.
Can this plant be used as a hedge or barrier?
Its dense branching and stout thorns make it effective for defensive hedging. It can be pruned into a formal hedge or grown naturally as part of privacy trees & shrubs plantings.
Is the fruit edible?
The fruit is edible but very tart. It is most commonly used for marmalades, jellies, and preserves rather than eaten fresh. It can also be incorporated into edible landscapes alongside other fruit & vegetable plants.
